Pumped Storage Projects
पंप स्टोरेज प्रकल्प: खरंच उपयोगी आहेत का?
An independent, bilingual data story on Maharashtra’s plan to turn hills in the Sahyadri into giant batteries. It tracks every project: the trees and forest it needs, the clearances it got, and what the people who live there say. This deck covers why the site exists, what each page holds, and how it was built.
are-psp-useful.pages.dev ↗A pumped storage plant is two reservoirs and a tunnel. At midday, when solar power is cheap, it pumps water uphill; in the evening, when power is dear, it lets the water fall back through turbines. Maharashtra is planning dozens of them, most on forested Sahyadri hilltops.
The site asks what each one costs the forest and the people who live around it, and sets that beside what it gives the grid.
The story is told in a fixed order of importance, and it has to hold up when a developer, an official or a neighbour checks it.
No money from developers, governments or parties. Built from official documents and 75 vetted outlets.
Every claim is Documented Reported Alleged or an Official claim. Allegations are always attributed by name.
Karjat: 48,557 trees in the forest committee’s minutes, “about 48,000” in the developer’s EIA, 32,490 in the felling permission. All three are shown.
The site is static and light enough for a low-end phone, but each page brings the same set of helpers with it.
A bubble on every page opens 24 short facts picked for that page or project, each with its source and a WhatsApp button.
Every number has an ⓘ. Tap it for the quoted sentence with the number highlighted, the document, its page and the evidence label.
Every page in both languages, from one URL. The choice is remembered; a shared link opens in the sender’s language.
Ctrl/⌘+K, / or the 🔍 button searches projects, story chapters, glossary terms and pages at once.
/news.xml carries the news page, so readers can follow new reports in any feed reader.
Projects, timeline, news, citations, glossary and model inputs as JSON and CSV, under CC BY 4.0.
The first use of ToR, EC, ESA, gram sabha and 40 other terms links to a plain-language card.
A share button on every page and a ready image card for each story chapter, made for WhatsApp.




Study terms, clearances, gram sabhas and public hearings are still ahead for most projects. The Take action page says what a reader can do, and who is already working on the ground.
Lawful, peaceful action only. The site is independent and not affiliated with the groups listed; their contact details are on the site’s Take action page.
Home opens on a Sahyadri photo and four headline numbers, then an animated explainer, How a hill becomes a battery: cheap daytime power, dear evening power, the cost to the forest, the cost to life around it. A fair box says what pumped storage is good for, and cards lead to every page.
Story is the long read: 48,557 trees · What lives here · The forest bill · How the review was sidestepped · Imposed, not designed · The promise · A battery that can burn coal · Built, not used · What supporters say · What I ask for. Each chapter ends with a share card.



Every pumped storage project planned in Maharashtra, 60,615 MW in all, in one table and on one map.



Timeline: 89 events — MoUs, study terms, clearances, felling orders, hearings and protests — newest first. It opens on the “Forest & people” filter, and can be narrowed by year, category, project or verified-only.
News: reports from a fixed list of 75 vetted outlets, newest first, with tag filters that put trees, ecosystem and consent first. A daily sync adds new items; anything not yet checked by a person carries a not yet reviewed badge. The same list is the /news.xml RSS feed.


Shortcuts: 13 cards, each naming a safeguard in environmental or forest law, what happened instead, and the documents that show it. Example: the land law requires a resettlement plan, but Karjat’s draft EIA calls it “not applicable” by citing a 1,000 ha threshold — for a project that needs 377 ha. Filter by project; 7 are shown in official documents.
Voices: 14 records from the affected villages — gram sabha resolutions, public hearings and objections — attributed by name, with an evidence label on each.


Methodology: 11 inputs and every formula behind the model — forest per GWh stored, round-trip loss (100 units in, about 77.5 out), emissions on today’s grid, and battery vs pumped storage tariffs from recent tenders. It is labelled a model, not a measurement, and every input names its source.
Glossary: 44 terms in plain words — ToR, EC, FC, ESA, gram sabha — grouped by category, each with its own link.
About: the source policy, the full outlet list, corrections, the right of reply to developers, and the data downloads.



No number is typed into the copy. Each one is a token that reads a row in data/citations.json, and the build fails if a token doesn’t resolve.
url#page=N."id": "project:saidongar-1-karjat:trees", "value": 48557, "unit": "trees", "evidence": "documented", "status": "quoted", "docTitle": "FAC minutes, 2 Dec 2025", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "page": 177, "quote": "Also, the proposal involves felling of 48557 number of trees."
data/: projects, timeline, news, shortcuts, consent, ecology, outlets, glossary, facts, citations. Every change is a commit.{ en, mr } text helpers sit on top.sync-ghats-data skill at 07:40 IST: search whitelisted outlets, dedupe, add as unreviewed, validate, commit.Read it, check a number, and share a page: are-psp-useful.pages.dev. Code is MIT; data and text are CC BY 4.0.